Étude 1 sur 7 · La fête des Tabernacles

  1. Étude 1 : La fête des Tabernacles
  2. Étude 2 : Annonce de la destruction de Jérusalem
  3. Étude 3 : La fin tragique de Judas l'Iscariot
  4. Étude 4 : Le titulus de Pilate
  5. Étude 5 : Marie de Magdala reste au tombeau
  6. Étude 6 : Le discours d’Etienne devant le Sanhédrin
  7. Étude 7 : Résurrection du Messie Jésus

From the third Passover to the beginning of the last week

  • PER206 The Feast of Tabernacles

    Pericope 206 deals with the Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot), reported only by John (7.2-10). Jesus decides to go up secretly to Jerusalem in October AD 32, six months before his arrest. John reveals the tension with the religious authorities and the unbelief of Jesus’ brothers, elements absent from the Synoptic Gospels.

    John 7.1 (King James Version) :
    After these things Jesus walked in Galilee: for he would not walk in Jewry, because the Jews sought to kill him.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

The last week before the arrest

  • PER283 Announcement of the Destruction of Jerusalem

    In Luke 19.41-44, Jesus approaches Jerusalem, weeps over the city and foretells with precision its future destruction by the Romans in AD 70. Only Luke reports this episode in this form. Jesus laments that Jerusalem did not recognize its divine visitation. This passage reveals both the compassion of the Messiah and the gravity of rejecting divine revelation, and it belongs to the last week before his arrest.

    Mark 10.32-34 (King James Version) :
    And they were in the way going up to Jerusalem; and Jesus went before them: and they were amazed; and as they followed, they were afraid. And he took again the twelve, and began to tell them what things should happen unto him,Saying, Behold, we go up to Jerusalem; and the Son of man shall be delivered unto the chief priests, and unto the scribes; and they shall condemn him to death, and shall deliver him to the Gentiles:And they shall mock him, and shall scourge him, and shall spit upon him, and shall kill him: and the third day he shall rise again.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

The last day up to the crucifixion

  • PER342 The tragic end of Judas Iscariot

    Only Matthew reports the tragic end of Judas Iscariot. After Jesus is condemned, overwhelmed with remorse, Judas throws the thirty pieces of silver into the sanctuary of the Temple and takes his own life. The priests use this money to buy the potter’s field, called Hakeldama. This episode illustrates the irreversibility of betrayal and the despair of a man unable to accept forgiveness.

    Matthew 27.3-9 (King James Version) :
    Then Judas, which had betrayed him, when he saw that he was condemned, repented himself, and brought again the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and elders,Saying, I have sinned in that I have betrayed the innocent blood. And they said, What is that to us? see thou to that.And he cast down the pieces of silver in the temple, and departed, and went and hanged himself.And the chief priests took the silver pieces, and said, It is not lawful for to put them into the treasury, because it is the price of blood.And they took counsel, and bought with them the potter’s field, to bury strangers in.Wherefore that field was called, The field of blood, unto this day.Then was fulfilled that which was spoken by Jeremy the prophet, saying, And they took the thirty pieces of silver, the price of him that was valued, whom they of the children of Israel did value;
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER349 Pilate's titulus

    Pilate's titulus is the notice placed on Jesus' cross bearing the words 'Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews', written in Hebrew, Latin and Greek. Pilate insists on this wording despite the protest of the chief priests, thus asserting a symbolic authority after having yielded on the condemnation. This act reveals a tragic irony: the inscription publicly proclaims Jesus' kingship at the very moment of his death.

    Mark 14.11-15 (King James Version) :
    And when they heard it, they were glad, and promised to give him money. And he sought how he might conveniently betray him.And the first day of unleavened bread, when they killed the passover, his disciples said unto him, Where wilt thou that we go and prepare that thou mayest eat the passover?And he sendeth forth two of his disciples, and saith unto them, Go ye into the city, and there shall meet you a man bearing a pitcher of water: follow him.And wheresoever he shall go in, say ye to the goodman of the house, The Master saith, Where is the guestchamber, where I shall eat the passover with my disciples?And he will shew you a large upper room furnished and prepared: there make ready for us.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

The Resurrection and the Various Appearances

  • PER369 Mary Magdalene Remains at the Tomb

    An episode unique to John (John 20.11), this passage describes Mary Magdalene remaining alone at the tomb after Peter and John have left. A faithful witness since the ministry of Jesus, she first interprets the disappearance of the body as a removal, before becoming the first person to whom the Risen One appears personally. The article offers a chronological analysis and a harmonization of the Gospel accounts of the resurrection.

    Mark 16.4 (King James Version) :
    And when they looked, they saw that the stone was rolled away: for it was very great.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Ministère de Pierre

  • ADA028 Le discours d’Etienne devant le Sanhédrin

    Devant le Sanhédrin à Jérusalem vers 34-35 ap. J.-C., Étienne prononce le plus long discours des Actes. En retraçant l'histoire d'Israël depuis Abraham, il montre que les envoyés de Dieu ont toujours été rejetés, culminant dans le rejet du Messie. Loin de se défendre, Étienne devient l'accusateur de ses juges, s'inscrivant dans la lignée des prophètes et du Christ.

    Acts 7.1-53 (King James Version) :
    Then said the high priest, Are these things so?And he said, Men, brethren, and fathers, hearken; The God of glory appeared unto our father Abraham, when he was in Mesopotamia, before he dwelt in Charran,And said unto him, Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and come into the land which I shall shew thee.Then came he out of the land of the Chaldæans, and dwelt in Charran: and from thence, when his father was dead, he removed him into this land, wherein ye now dwell.And he gave him none inheritance in it, no, not so much as to set his foot on: yet he promised that he would give it to him for a possession, and to his seed after him, when as yet he had no child.And God spake on this wise, That his seed should sojourn in a strange land; and that they should bring them into bondage, and entreat them evil four hundred years.And the nation to whom they shall be in bondage will I judge, said God: and after that shall they come forth, and serve me in this place.And he gave him the covenant of circumcision: and so Abraham begat Isaac, and circumcised him the eighth day; and Isaac begat Jacob; and Jacob begat the twelve patriarchs.And the patriarchs, moved with envy, sold Joseph into Egypt: but God was with him,And delivered him out of all his afflictions, and gave him favour and wisdom in the sight of Pharaoh king of Egypt; and he made him governor over Egypt and all his house.Now there came a dearth over all the land of Egypt and Chanaan, and great affliction: and our fathers found no sustenance.But when Jacob heard that there was corn in Egypt, he sent out our fathers first.And at the second time Joseph was made known to his brethren; and Joseph’s kindred was made known unto Pharaoh.Then sent Joseph, and called his father Jacob to him, and all his kindred, threescore and fifteen souls.So Jacob went down into Egypt, and died, he, and our fathers,And were carried over into Sychem, and laid in the sepulchre that Abraham bought for a sum of money of the sons of Emmor the father of Sychem.But when the time of the promise drew nigh, which God had sworn to Abraham, the people grew and multiplied in Egypt,Till another king arose, which knew not Joseph.The same dealt subtilly with our kindred, and evil entreated our fathers, so that they cast out their young children, to the end they might not live.In which time Moses was born, and was exceeding fair, and nourished up in his father’s house three months:And when he was cast out, Pharaoh’s daughter took him up, and nourished him for her own son.And Moses was learned in all the wisdom of the Egyptians, and was mighty in words and in deeds.And when he was full forty years old, it came into his heart to visit his brethren the children of Israel.And seeing one of them suffer wrong, he defended him, and avenged him that was oppressed, and smote the Egyptian:For he supposed his brethren would have understood how that God by his hand would deliver them: but they understood not.And the next day he shewed himself unto them as they strove, and would have set them at one again, saying, Sirs, ye are brethren; why do ye wrong one to another?But he that did his neighbour wrong thrust him away, saying, Who made thee a ruler and a judge over us?Wilt thou kill me, as thou diddest the Egyptian yesterday?Then fled Moses at this saying, and was a stranger in the land of Madian, where he begat two sons.And when forty years were expired, there appeared to him in the wilderness of mount Sina an angel of the Lord in a flame of fire in a bush.When Moses saw it, he wondered at the sight: and as he drew near to behold it, the voice of the Lord came unto him,Saying, I am the God of thy fathers, the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob. Then Moses trembled, and durst not behold.Then said the Lord to him, Put off thy shoes from thy feet: for the place where thou standest is holy ground.I have seen, I have seen the affliction of my people which is in Egypt, and I have heard their groaning, and am come down to deliver them. And now come, I will send thee into Egypt.This Moses whom they refused, saying, Who made thee a ruler and a judge? the same did God send to be a ruler and a deliverer by the hand of the angel which appeared to him in the bush.He brought them out, after that he had shewed wonders and signs in the land of Egypt, and in the Red sea, and in the wilderness forty years.This is that Moses, which said unto the children of Israel, A prophet shall the Lord your God raise up unto you of your brethren, like unto me; him shall ye hear.This is he, that was in the church in the wilderness with the angel which spake to him in the mount Sina, and with our fathers: who received the lively oracles to give unto us:To whom our fathers would not obey, but thrust him from them, and in their hearts turned back again into Egypt,Saying unto Aaron, Make us gods to go before us: for as for this Moses, which brought us out of the land of Egypt, we wot not what is become of him.And they made a calf in those days, and offered sacrifice unto the idol, and rejoiced in the works of their own hands.Then God turned, and gave them up to worship the host of heaven; as it is written in the book of the prophets, O ye house of Israel, have ye offered to me slain beasts and sacrifices by the space of forty years in the wilderness?Yea, ye took up the tabernacle of Moloch, and the star of your god Remphan, figures which ye made to worship them: and I will carry you away beyond Babylon.Our fathers had the tabernacle of witness in the wilderness, as he had appointed, speaking unto Moses, that he should make it according to the fashion that he had seen.Which also our fathers that came after brought in with Jesus into the possession of the Gentiles, whom God drave out before the face of our fathers, unto the days of David;Who found favour before God, and desired to find a tabernacle for the God of Jacob.But Solomon built him an house.Howbeit the most High dwelleth not in temples made with hands; as saith the prophet,Heaven is my throne, and earth is my footstool: what house will ye build me? saith the Lord: or what is the place of my rest?Hath not my hand made all these things?Ye stiffnecked and uncircumcised in heart and ears, ye do always resist the Holy Ghost: as your fathers did, so do ye.Which of the prophets have not your fathers persecuted? and they have slain them which shewed before of the coming of the Just One; of whom ye have been now the betrayers and murderers:Who have received the law by the disposition of angels, and have not kept it.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Miracles

  • MIR041 Resurrection of the Messiah Jesus

    Analyse comparative des quatre récits évangéliques de la résurrection de Jésus (Mt 28.1-10 ; Mc 16.1-8 ; Lc 24.1-12 ; Jn 20.1-18). L'article identifie les points communs — tombeau vide, présence des femmes, annonce angélique — et les divergences — nombre de femmes et d'anges, réactions, chronologie. Les différences sont expliquées par les perspectives théologiques, styles littéraires et publics distincts de chaque évangéliste, soulignant la centralité de la résurrection dans la foi chrétienne.

    Luke 24.1-12 (King James Version) :
    Now upon the first day of the week, very early in the morning, they came unto the sepulchre, bringing the spices which they had prepared, and certain others with them.And they found the stone rolled away from the sepulchre.And they entered in, and found not the body of the Lord Jesus.And it came to pass, as they were much perplexed thereabout, behold, two men stood by them in shining garments:And as they were afraid, and bowed down their faces to the earth, they said unto them, Why seek ye the living among the dead?He is not here, but is risen: remember how he spake unto you when he was yet in Galilee,Saying, The Son of man must be delivered into the hands of sinful men, and be crucified, and the third day rise again.And they remembered his words,And returned from the sepulchre, and told all these things unto the eleven, and to all the rest.It was Mary Magdalene, and Joanna, and Mary the mother of James, and other women that were with them, which told these things unto the apostles.And their words seemed to them as idle tales, and they believed them not.Then arose Peter, and ran unto the sepulchre; and stooping down, he beheld the linen clothes laid by themselves, and departed, wondering in himself at that which was come to pass.
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate