Étude 1 sur 11 · Les marchands chassés du Temple

  1. Étude 1 : Les marchands chassés du Temple
  2. Étude 2 : Le transfert chez le Souverain Sacrificateur en exercice, Caïphe
  3. Étude 3 : Les Apôtres Pierre et Jean dans la cour de la maison de Caïphe
  4. Étude 4 : La présentation au Sanhédrin
  5. Étude 5 : Les maltraitances commencent
  6. Étude 6 : Le reniement de l'Apôtre Pierre, accompagné par l'Apôtre Jean
  7. Étude 7 : La présentation à Ponce Pilate
  8. Étude 8 : L’acharnement du Sanhédrin, condamnation officielle
  9. Étude 9 : La visite des représentants du Sanhédrin chez Pilate
  10. Étude 10 : La comparution devant le Sanhédrin
  11. Étude 11 : Sadducéens

The ministry of John the Baptist

  • PER039 The merchants driven out of the Temple

    Pericope 39 studies Jesus’ cleansing of the Temple as reported by John (John 2:14–22). The author argues for two distinct events three years apart. The first takes place during the first Passover of Jesus’ ministry (7 April 30). The article explores the historical context of Herod’s Temple, the role of Caiaphas and the Sanhedrin, and two key lessons: Jesus’ zeal for God’s house and the prophetic announcement of his resurrection.

    Matthew 12.40 (King James Version) :
    For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale’s belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

The last day up to the crucifixion

  • PER336 The transfer to the incumbent High Priest, Caiaphas

    The article analyzes the transfer of Jesus to Caiaphas, highlighting the planning of the Jewish authorities to secure a swift condemnation, with a semblance of legality. Several appendices shed light on the historical context, and the Gospels describe the events in detail.

    Mark 14.53 (King James Version) :
    And they led Jesus away to the high priest: and with him were assembled all the chief priests and the elders and the scribes.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER337 The Apostles Peter and John in the courtyard of Caiaphas’ house

    This article recounts the dramatic scene of the apostles Peter and John following Jesus into the courtyard of Caiaphas, revealing their faithfulness and frailty at the heart of Jesus’ passion. The biblical references describe their attempt to stay close to Jesus despite the fear of repercussions. This moment symbolizes a key point of the Gospels, highlighting human nature in the face of the divine mission.

    Luke 22.54-55 (King James Version) :
    Then took they him, and led him, and brought him into the high priest’s house. And Peter followed afar off.And when they had kindled a fire in the midst of the hall, and were set down together, Peter sat down among them.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER338 The presentation before the Sanhedrin

    This article analyzes the presentation of Jesus before the Sanhedrin prior to his crucifixion according to the Gospels, setting out the violation of Jewish law by a night trial. Strategically orchestrated by Caiaphas to avoid the crowd, this judgment illustrates key theological and historical issues.

    Luke 22.66-71 (King James Version) :
    And as soon as it was day, the elders of the people and the chief priests and the scribes came together, and led him into their council, saying,Art thou the Christ? tell us. And he said unto them, If I tell you, ye will not believe:And if I also ask you, ye will not answer me, nor let me go.Hereafter shall the Son of man sit on the right hand of the power of God.Then said they all, Art thou then the Son of God? And he said unto them, Ye say that I am.And they said, What need we any further witness? for we ourselves have heard of his own mouth.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER339 The abuse begins

    The article deals with the mistreatment inflicted on Jesus before the crucifixion, centered on the interpretation of the Gospel accounts. It explores how the Sanhedrin manipulated the accusations to obtain the support of the Roman authorities, turning a religious accusation into political sedition.

    Luke 22.66 (King James Version) :
    And as soon as it was day, the elders of the people and the chief priests and the scribes came together, and led him into their council, saying,
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER340 The Denial of the Apostle Peter, Accompanied by the Apostle John

    This article describes the denial of the Apostle Peter as recounted in the Gospels, when he denies his Master Jesus three times. The article highlights the precise circumstances of this event and explores the role of the apostle John. By setting the different versions of the Gospels side by side, this tragic moment is analyzed in depth within the historical and religious context of the time.

    Mark 14.66-72 (King James Version) :
    And as Peter was beneath in the palace, there cometh one of the maids of the high priest:And when she saw Peter warming himself, she looked upon him, and said, And thou also wast with Jesus of Nazareth.But he denied, saying, I know not, neither understand I what thou sayest. And he went out into the porch; and the cock crew.And a maid saw him again, and began to say to them that stood by, This is one of them.And he denied it again. And a little after, they that stood by said again to Peter, Surely thou art one of them: for thou art a Galilaean, and thy speech agreeth thereto.But he began to curse and to swear, saying, I know not this man of whom ye speak.And the second time the cock crew. And Peter called to mind the word that Jesus said unto him, Before the cock crow twice, thou shalt deny me thrice. And when he thought thereon, he wept.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER341 The presentation before Pontius Pilate

    Pericope PER341 reconstructs the presentation of Jesus before Pontius Pilate on Friday morning, around 6:45 a.m., after his nighttime condemnation by the Sanhedrin. Cross-referencing Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, the article analyzes the precise chronology, the role of Caiaphas, the refusal of the religious leaders to enter the Praetorium, and the dialogue between Jesus and Pilate, the only one empowered to pronounce a capital sentence.

    John 18.19-24 (King James Version) :
    The high priest then asked Jesus of his disciples, and of his doctrine.Jesus answered him, I spake openly to the world; I ever taught in the synagogue, and in the temple, whither the Jews always resort; and in secret have I said nothing.Why askest thou me? ask them which heard me, what I have said unto them: behold, they know what I said.And when he had thus spoken, one of the officers which stood by struck Jesus with the palm of his hand, saying, Answerest thou the high priest so?Jesus answered him, If I have spoken evil, bear witness of the evil: but if well, why smitest thou me?Now Annas had sent him bound unto Caiaphas the high priest.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER346 The relentlessness of the Sanhedrin, official condemnation

    PER346 analyzes the official condemnation of Jesus by Pontius Pilate under the relentless pressure of the Sanhedrin. In Jerusalem, on Friday morning, the crowd, manipulated by the religious leaders, demands crucifixion. Pilate, politically trapped, yields despite the absence of any valid charge. The study addresses the irregularities of the trial and the chronological question of the 'sixth hour' in John 19.14, through a synoptic approach to the four Gospels.

    Mark 15.25 (King James Version) :
    And it was the third hour, and they crucified him.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • PER363 The visit of the Sanhedrin's representatives to Pilate

    An episode found only in Matthew, this passage recounts the visit of the Sanhedrin's representatives to Pilate on Saturday morning to obtain a guard for the tomb of Jesus. Fearing a rumor of resurrection, they have the sepulcher sealed. Pilate, a pragmatist, yields to their request. This episode reveals the tensions between the Jewish religious leadership and Roman authority, and directly prepares the account of the resurrection.

    Matthew 27.51 (King James Version) :
    And, behold, the veil of the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom; and the earth did quake, and the rocks rent;
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Pierre's Ministry

  • ADA022 La comparution devant le Sanhédrin

    Étude exégétique d'Actes 5.27-33 relatant la comparution des apôtres devant le Sanhédrin à Jérusalem. Face aux accusations de Caïphe, Pierre proclame avec assurance que l'obéissance à Dieu prime sur celle des hommes, et annonce que Jésus, crucifié et ressuscité, est élevé comme Prince et Sauveur pour offrir la repentance et le pardon à Israël. Un épisode fondateur de la mission apostolique.

    Acts 2.22-24 (King James Version) :
    Ye men of Israel, hear these words; Jesus of Nazareth, a man approved of God among you by miracles and wonders and signs, which God did by him in the midst of you, as ye yourselves also know:Him, being delivered by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain:Whom God hath raised up, having loosed the pains of death: because it was not possible that he should be holden of it.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Historical notes

  • INF001 Sadducees

    Les Sadducéens étaient un groupe aristocratique et sacerdotal du judaïsme antique (200 av. J.-C. – 70 ap. J.-C.), contrôlant le Temple de Jérusalem et le Sanhédrin. Ils acceptaient uniquement le Pentateuque, niaient la résurrection des morts et l'existence des anges. Présents quinze fois dans le Nouveau Testament, ils jouèrent un rôle clé dans la condamnation de Jésus, notamment à travers Caïphe et Anne. Leur disparition coïncide avec la destruction du Temple en 70 ap. J.-C.

    Acts 23.6 (King James Version) :
    But when Paul perceived that the one part were Sadducees, and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, Men and brethren, I am a Pharisee, the son of a Pharisee: of the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Easy Audience: Beginners

Further reading
  • ANN031 The Chief Priests

    L'article explore le rôle des Souverains Sacrificateurs sous l'occupation romaine, focalisant sur Anne et Caïphe, et les intrications entre pouvoir religieux et politique. La…