Reliability of the Scriptures and other doctrinal topics 4 studies
Great Men 1 study
Historical notes 3 studies
Reliability of the Scriptures and other doctrinal topics
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APO001
The Presence of the Living One in the Midst of the Churches
The first chapter of a study of Revelation, this article presents the dating of the book (around AD 95 under Domitian), the identity of John as its author and his exile on Patmos. The exegetical analysis of Revelation 1 unveils a glorious, sovereign Christ present in the midst of his Churches, calling believers to faithfulness in persecution.
Revelation 1.4 (King James Version) :John to the seven churches which are in Asia: Grace be unto you, and peace, from him which is, and which was, and which is to come; and from the seven Spirits which are before his throne;King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
APO002
Listening, discerning, returning to the first love
An exegetical study of Revelation 2, analyzing the messages to the Churches of Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum and Thyatira. Each letter follows a common structure: diagnosis, call to faithfulness and eschatological promise. The article invites us to listen to the Spirit, to discern the communal drifts and to rediscover the first love for Christ, from a perspective that is both historical and theological.
Revelation 2.8-11 (King James Version) :And unto the angel of the church in Smyrna write; These things saith the first and the last, which was dead, and is alive;I know thy works, and tribulation, and poverty, (but thou art rich) and I know the blasphemy of them which say they are Jews, and are not, but are the synagogue of Satan.Fear none of those things which thou shalt suffer: behold, the devil shall cast some of you into prison, that ye may be tried; and ye shall have tribulation ten days: be thou faithful unto death, and I will give thee a crown of life.He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches; He that overcometh shall not be hurt of the second death.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
APO005
The Throne at the Center of the Vision
Exegetical study of Revelation 4, the vision of the heavenly throne that marks the turning point of the book. After the messages to the seven churches, John is carried up into heaven and beholds a throne surrounded by twenty-four elders and four living creatures. Every symbolic detail, lights, colors, sounds, expresses the sovereignty, holiness and divine authority that structure and govern history. This foundational vision sheds light on all the prophetic events to come.
Revelation 1.10 (King James Version) :I was in the Spirit on the Lord’s day, and heard behind me a great voice, as of a trumpet,King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
APO009
The First Seal, the First Horseman
APO009 analyzes the first seal of Revelation (Rev 6.1-2) and the appearance of a rider on a white horse. Two theories compete: does this rider represent the victorious Messiah Jesus, or an impostor, even the Antichrist? The article sets out both positions, stresses that the exegetical debate remains open, and announces a parallel with Jesus’ discourse on the Mount of Olives.
Revelation 1.1 (King James Version) :The Revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave unto him, to shew unto his servants things which must shortly come to pass; and he sent and signified it by his angel unto his servant John:King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
Great Men
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LGH004
Augustin CRAMPON
The article explores the life of Augustin Crampon, famous for his translation of the Bible. Ordained a priest in 1851, he studied under Arthur Le Hir and became an expert in biblical languages. His translation, published after his death in 1904, remains a major Catholic reference.
Historical notes
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INF031
The Torah
The Torah, the sacred text of Judaism, consists of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible and is essential to Jewish faith and morality. It is read regularly in the synagogue and has generated a rich rabbinic literary tradition.
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INF041
The Jahwist source
The Jahwist source (J) is a hypothetical source of the Torah identified by the documentary hypothesis of the 19th century. Named after its use of the divine name YHWH, it is characterized by an anthropomorphic and narrative style. Associated with texts such as the creation (Gen 2) and the fall (Gen 3), its dating remains debated. Today, its validity is called into question by contemporary exegetes.
Genesis 2.4-25 (King James Version) :These are the generations of the heavens and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made the earth and the heavens,Notethere…: or, a mist which went up from, etc.Noteof the dust…: Heb. dust of the groundAnd every plant of the field before it was in the earth, and every herb of the field before it grew: for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and there was not a man to till the ground.But there went up a mist from the earth, and watered the whole face of the ground.And the LORD God formed man of the dust of the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living soul.And the LORD God planted a garden eastward in Eden; and there he put the man whom he had formed.NoteEthiopia: Heb. CushNotetoward…: or, eastward to AssyriaNotethe man: or, AdamAnd out of the ground made the LORD God to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight, and good for food; the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of knowledge of good and evil.And a river went out of Eden to water the garden; and from thence it was parted, and became into four heads.The name of the first is Pison: that is it which compasseth the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold;And the gold of that land is good: there is bdellium and the onyx stone.And the name of the second river is Gihon: the same is it that compasseth the whole land of Ethiopia.And the name of the third river is Hiddekel: that is it which goeth toward the east of Assyria. And the fourth river is Euphrates.And the LORD God took the man, and put him into the garden of Eden to dress it and to keep it.And the LORD God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat:Notethou…: Heb. eating thou shalt eatNotethou shalt surely…: Heb. dying thou shalt dieBut of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.And the LORD God said, It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him an help meet for him.Notemeet…: Heb. as before himNoteAdam: or, the manNotegave: Heb. calledAnd out of the ground the LORD God formed every beast of the field, and every fowl of the air; and brought them unto Adam to see what he would call them: and whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that was the name thereof.And Adam gave names to all cattle, and to the fowl of the air, and to every beast of the field; but for Adam there was not found an help meet for him.And the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall upon Adam, and he slept: and he took one of his ribs, and closed up the flesh instead thereof;Notemade: Heb. buildedNoteWoman: Heb. IshaNoteMan: Heb. IshAnd the rib, which the LORD God had taken from man, made he a woman, and brought her unto the man.And Adam said, This is now bone of my bones, and flesh of my flesh: she shall be called Woman, because she was taken out of Man.Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother, and shall cleave unto his wife: and they shall be one flesh.And they were both naked, the man and his wife, and were not ashamed.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org -
INF042
The Elohist source
The Elohist source (E) is one of the four hypothetical sources of the Torah according to the documentary hypothesis. It is distinguished by its use of the term Elohim for God, a transcendent theology, and the use of dreams and visions as modes of divine revelation. Dated to the 9th-8th century BCE, it is thought to have originated in the northern kingdom of Israel. Its validity remains debated among contemporary scholars.
Genesis 20 (King James Version) :And Abraham journeyed from thence toward the south country, and dwelled between Kadesh and Shur, and sojourned in Gerar.And Abraham said of Sarah his wife, She is my sister: and Abimelech king of Gerar sent, and took Sarah.But God came to Abimelech in a dream by night, and said to him, Behold, thou art but a dead man, for the woman which thou hast taken; for she is a man’s wife.Notea man’s…: Heb. married to an husbandNoteintegrity: or, simplicity, or, sincerityBut Abimelech had not come near her: and he said, Lord, wilt thou slay also a righteous nation?Said he not unto me, She is my sister? and she, even she herself said, He is my brother: in the integrity of my heart and innocency of my hands have I done this.And God said unto him in a dream, Yea, I know that thou didst this in the integrity of thy heart; for I also withheld thee from sinning against me: therefore suffered I thee not to touch her.Now therefore restore the man his wife; for he is a prophet, and he shall pray for thee, and thou shalt live: and if thou restore her not, know thou that thou shalt surely die, thou, and all that are thine.Therefore Abimelech rose early in the morning, and called all his servants, and told all these things in their ears: and the men were sore afraid.Then Abimelech called Abraham, and said unto him, What hast thou done unto us? and what have I offended thee, that thou hast brought on me and on my kingdom a great sin? thou hast done deeds unto me that ought not to be done.And Abimelech said unto Abraham, What sawest thou, that thou hast done this thing?And Abraham said, Because I thought, Surely the fear of God is not in this place; and they will slay me for my wife’s sake.And yet indeed she is my sister; she is the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother; and she became my wife.And it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father’s house, that I said unto her, This is thy kindness which thou shalt shew unto me; at every place whither we shall come, say of me, He is my brother.And Abimelech took sheep, and oxen, and menservants, and womenservants, and gave them unto Abraham, and restored him Sarah his wife.Notewhere…: Heb. as is good in thine eyesAnd Abimelech said, Behold, my land is before thee: dwell where it pleaseth thee.And unto Sarah he said, Behold, I have given thy brother a thousand pieces of silver: behold, he is to thee a covering of the eyes, unto all that are with thee, and with all other: thus she was reproved.So Abraham prayed unto God: and God healed Abimelech, and his wife, and his maidservants; and they bare children.For the LORD had fast closed up all the wombs of the house of Abimelech, because of Sarah Abraham’s wife.King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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ANN114
I will build my Church
Cet article analyse les implications théologiques du passage de Matthieu 16.17-19, où Jésus évoque "mon Église". Il explore le rôle de Pierre comme clé…