• Critical Editions

    Critical editions of the biblical texts are scholarly versions that aim to reconstruct the original texts from ancient manuscripts. They analyze textual variants and include a detailed critical apparatus. The best known are the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia for the Hebrew Old Testament, the Nestle-Aland for the Greek New Testament, and the Septuaginta for the Greek version of the Old Testament. These tools are indispensable for researchers, theologians and translators.

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