Étude 1 sur 3 · Jésus et les idiomes de son époque

  1. Étude 1 : Jésus et les idiomes de son époque
  2. Étude 2 : Le concile de Nicée
  3. Étude 3 : La décision de fixer la naissance de Jésus au 25 décembre
  • INF005 Jesus and the Idioms of His Time

    Cet article analyse les principales langues utilisées par Jésus et ses contemporains en Palestine : l'araméen, langue quotidienne du peuple, l'hébreu, langue liturgique des synagogues, et le grec koinè, langue de l'administration romaine et des échanges culturels. Des exemples néotestamentaires illustrent chaque usage linguistique, révélant la richesse du contexte multiculturel du premier siècle.

    Luke 4.16-21 (King James Version) :
    And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up: and, as his custom was, he went into the synagogue on the sabbath day, and stood up for to read.And there was delivered unto him the book of the prophet Esaias. And when he had opened the book, he found the place where it was written,The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised,To preach the acceptable year of the Lord.And he closed the book, and he gave it again to the minister, and sat down. And the eyes of all them that were in the synagogue were fastened on him.And he began to say unto them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears.
    King James Version (1769), domaine public — texte : eBible.org
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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • INF007 Le concile de Nicée

    Le Premier Concile de Nicée (325 ap. J.-C.), convoqué par l'empereur Constantin, a réuni les évêques de l'Empire romain pour résoudre la controverse arienne. Il a affirmé la consubstantialité du Christ avec le Père, adopté le Symbole de Nicée encore utilisé aujourd'hui, fixé la date de Pâques et renforcé l'alliance entre l'Église et l'Empire romain, posant ainsi les fondements doctrinaux et liturgiques du christianisme.

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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • INF017 The decision to set Jesus' birth on 25 December

    The Council of Nicaea (325) established liturgical rules that enabled Dionysius Exiguus to set Jesus' birth on 25 December. This date was chosen for symbolic reasons and to replace pagan winter solstice festivals, notably Sol Invictus. Although not historically verifiable, 25 December became the official date of Christmas in the Western Church.

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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

Further reading