Étude 1 sur 2 · Les 95 thèses de Martin LUTHER

  1. Étude 1 : Les 95 thèses de Martin LUTHER
  2. Étude 2 : L'excommunication de Martin LUTHER
  • INF021 Martin LUTHER’s 95 theses

    In 1517, Martin Luther, a professor of theology in Wittenberg, wrote his 95 theses in response to the Catholic Church’s sale of indulgences. Sent to the Archbishop of Mainz on 31 October and rapidly circulated through printing, they criticised ecclesiastical abuses and advocated inward spiritual repentance. Condemned by Pope Leo X in 1520, they sparked the Protestant Reformation and permanently transformed the history of Western Christianity.

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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate

  • INF024 The excommunication of Martin LUTHER

    In 1521, Martin Luther was officially excommunicated by the papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem, after refusing to recant following the publication of his 95 theses in 1517. Summoned to the Diet of Worms, he maintained his positions before Emperor Charles V. Declared an outlaw, he took refuge at the Wartburg. This foundational event marked the birth of Protestantism and permanently transformed Europe's religious and political history.

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    Level: Intermediate Level: Intermediate